"Garden Crystals" are an amalgamation of many Sailor Crystals and other powerful Star Seeds collected by Shadow Galactica in the manga and crystal.
Manga[]
Shadow Galactica scours the Milky Way galaxy collecting powerful Star Seeds. They would bring these back to their base at Galactica Palace in Sagittarius Zero Star. In the grounds of Galactica Palace, the Star Garden (スターガーデン; Sutaa Gaaden), the Star Gardeners (スター・ガーデナー; Sutaa Gādenā), Sailor Phi and Sailor Chi cultivate many Garden Crystals formed of these stolen Sailor Crystals.
Normally, lone star seeds are dim but together they give off a brilliant light.
The smaller Garden Crystals the Star Gardeners cultivate are later collected into a large one in the Palace. Throughout the Stars arc, the Star Seeds of Usagi's friends and fallen Shadow Galactica members are collected and added to this large Garden Crystal. It is ultimately dropped into the Galaxy Cauldron and dissolves to feed Chaos.